Community Penalties in the United States |
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Authors: | Michael Tonry |
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Affiliation: | (1) School of Criminology and Criminal Jusitice, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA; |
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Abstract: | The author discusses some background matters concerning the US criminal justice systems that may provide useful context for non-US readers, and summarises the main general conclusions about the operation of community penalties from two decades' research. He also briefly summarises research concerning each of the major penalties that have been attempted. Why American jurisdictions have been comparatively unsuccessful at use of community penalties as alternatives to incarceration and whether that lack of receptivity can be changed is discussed in the conclusion. |
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Keywords: | community sentences evaluation literature review sentencing guidelines |
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