论民事诉讼的契约化——完善我国民事诉讼法的基本作业

我国民事诉讼体制作为一个当时计划经济体制时代的产物,必然打下彼时代的痕迹,彼时代的社会特征是利益的非多元性、主体的非独立性。这一社会特征在民事诉讼上的反映是:在民事诉讼中忽视民事纠纷主体的自主性和主导性,突出的是法院的职权干预。在这种诉讼体制下也必然忽视当事人之间合意对民事诉讼解决纠纷的积极作用,导致我国民事诉讼规范和程序在本质上缺乏与市场经济社会实质相一致的精神--民事诉讼的契约化。因此,在当下思考我国民事诉讼法的修正时,我们就必须考虑如何将契约精神置入民事诉讼法规范和程序之中,以表达民事法律主体在民事纠纷解决过程中的自治性和主体性。本文系统地分析了我国民事诉讼契约精神缺失的原因,民事诉讼契约化与民事诉讼体制转型的关系以及诉讼契约化的制度建构,为完善民事诉讼法提供了一个新理念和思路。

On the Civil Litigation Contract

Our civil procedure system, as the produce of the planned economy system era, has inevitably been marked by the era whose characters of society are single interest and dependent main body. The civil procedure embodies these characters of society such as ignoring the independence and lead of the civil dispute subjects and outstanding the authoritative interference by the courts. Under this system, it is certain that the positive effect of the parties' agreement on resolving disputes during civil litigation was ignored, which makes our civil litigation in statute and process lack the sprite of contracted civil procedure according with the marked economy society. Therefore nowadays when we think of amending the civil procedure law, we should consider how the civil procedure can embody the sprite of the contract in statute and process to realize the independence and lead of the civil legal subjects during the troubleshooting process.This article systematically analyzes the reason of lacking the contractual sprite in our civil procedure, the relationship between the contracted civil procedure and the revising civil procedure pattern and the construction of the contracted civil procedure system. In this way, it tries to produce a new idea and a creative method to perfect our civil procedure law.