营商环境视域下自我交易条款之法律适用研究--以区分组织法逻辑与契约法逻辑为视角

司法实践中常对合同自我交易条款的规范性质产生认识分歧,其根源在于混淆了组织规则与契约规则的属性。在组织法逻辑视角下,对合同自我交易条款规范的目的在于规制利益冲突的交易行为进而追究违信责任,而非否定合同效力;在契约法逻辑视角下,对自我交易合同效力的认定应当运用代理制度中的自我代理行为和代理权滥用规则认定为合同效力待定。结合世界银行营商环境评估报告,对我国公司法上忠实义务的司法审查标准应当采取交易公平性原则,同时赋予程序性法律要件即举证责任移转。组织规则与契约规则区分的目的在于划清法律规则的调整场域,防止越俎代庖,为司法实践中审理合同自我交易条款纠纷案件提供参考。

Research on the legal application of self-dealing terms from the perspective of business environment--From the perspective of distinguishing the logic of organization law and logic of contract law

Judicial practice often disagrees on the normative nature of self-dealing terms of the contract,the root cause of w hich is to confuse the attributes of organization rules and contract rules. From the perspective of the logic of the organization law,the purpose of regulating the self-dealing terms of the contract is to regulate the trading behavior of conflicts of interest and then pursue liability for breach of credit,rather than denying the validity of contract;From the perspective of the logic of the contract law,the validity of contract w ith self-dealing behavior should be certificated to be undetermined validity of contract by the self-agency behavior and the abuse of agency rights rules in the agency system. Combined w ith the World Bank’s business environment assessment report,the judicial review standards for loyal obligations in China’s company law should adopt the principle of fairness of transactions,w hile granting procedural legal elements,that is,the transfer of burden of proof. The purpose of distinguishing betw een organization rules and contract rules is to clarify the adjustment field of legal rules,prevent over-subscribing,and provide a reference for the trial of disputes over self-dealing terms of contract in judicial practice.