抗日战争时期陕甘宁边区的识字运动

为创建模范的抗日根据地,陕甘宁边区政府积极开展识字运动。小先生制、救亡室突显了中共急于实现这一目标的迫切心情;但忽视质量的形式主义,使得大部分识字组都是空架子。为走出困境,边区政府多次进行路径转换,从集中办学到分散自主,从强制动员到群众需要与自愿,从汉字到新文字再到汉字的回归。识字运动路径的转换反映了中共改造乡村社会的艰难过程,彰显了群众路线在这一过程中的方法论意义。

The Campaign of Learning to Read in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression

In order to create model anti-Japanese base areas the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region government launched a vigorous campaign of learning to read. The little teacher system and national salvation rooms highlighted the eagerness of the CPC to realize this goal. But formalism ran wild and quality was neglected, many learning-to-read groups being just a skeleton. In order to get out of the dire straits the Border Region government changed the approaches once and again: from running schools in a concentrate...