徐迟和梭罗:以《瓦尔登湖》的翻译为中心

徐迟与梭罗《瓦尔登湖》之间的情缘持续了几十年时间。徐迟初译和复译《瓦尔登湖》的时间跨度极大,其间先后经历了新中国的成立、建国后的一系列政治运动和1980年以后的改革开放。徐迟对梭罗《瓦尔登湖》的翻译认知,经历了一个肯定——否定——再次肯定的历程,从整体上呈现出一种螺旋式上升的态势。在1940年代末和1950年代初,徐迟对梭罗和《瓦尔登湖》的态度之所以出现阴阳两重天的巨变,基本上可以归结为是在政治和个人双重因素的制约下,译者对作者和原作本身的体悟有所变动。到了1980年代和1990年代之后,晚年的徐迟对梭罗及其《瓦尔登湖》的欣赏依旧,但更多时候徐迟是在借梭罗和《瓦尔登湖》来巧妙地剖白心迹,进行自我言说。

Xu Chi and H.D.Thoreau: A Case Study of the Walden Translating

Xu Chi has been maintaining a relationship with Walden by H.D.Thoreau for several decades. The translation and retranslation of Walden by Xu Chi covers a long span, which has respectively gone through the founding of P.R.C, the political movements of 1950s, 1960s and 1970s, and the reform and opening-up of the 1980s. Therefore, Xu Chi’s attitudes toward Walden changed dramatically in this period, presenting a general tendency of spiral rising. In the late 1940s and the early 1950s, influenced by the political and individual factors, Xu Chi redressed his appreciation of H.D. Thoreau and Walden. In the 1980s and 1990s, Xu Chi still thought highly of Walden, but more often he used Thoreau and Walden as a medium to display his inner world.