新公共管理对民主的挑战

效率与民主是各国行政改革的要求,也是改革中一个两难的选择。新公共管理试图通过引入市场机制,以顾客身份取代公民身份,同时提高公共部门的运作效率和对公众要求的回应性。克瑞廷森和兰格瑞通过分析新公共管理对不同政府模型中民主要素的影响,指出虽然新公共管理提高了政府的运作效率,但总体上却削弱了代议制民主中的一些要素,并使责任关系变得更加模糊和复杂。

The Challenge to Democracy by New Pulic Management

The dual need for efficiecy and democracy out of the reform in administration presents nowadys a dilemma to every state in the world.By introducing market mechanism and the conception of customer-hood instead of citiznhood,the theory of NPM tries to improve administrative efficiency and the response to public demands.After analyzing the impact of NPM upon democratic factors in deferent governmental modes,Christensen and lagreid pointed out NPM could improve governmental efficiency,when it undermines some factors of the representative democracy in general,and resulted in executive responsibility with much illegibility and complexity.