日本行政诉讼原告资格新论

在日本行政诉讼法中以"法律利益"作为撤销诉讼原告资格的标准,但由于"法律利益"概念的不确定性,在学说及判例中存在着法律上保护利益说与值得保护利益说两种解释方法的对立。为扩大原告资格的范围,并防止法官过度的自由裁量,2004年6月日本《行政事件诉讼法》修改时采用了两种学说的折衷方案,即为"法律利益"标准的判断设置了四项必须考虑的要素,由法官依据该四项考虑要素来判断是否具有"法律利益"。

New Ideas about Plaintiff Quality in Japanese Administrative Litigation

Legal interests was once taken as the standard for whether to revoke one's plaintiff quality in Japanese administrative litigation law. However, due to the uncertainty of the concept legal interests, there are generally two contradicting understandings about this concept in theory and case law: theory of interests protected by law and theory of interests that is worth protection by law. To widen the scope of plaintiff quality and to prevent excessive discretion of judge, administrative litigation law of Japan sets four elements that must be considered by judge to judge a legal interest when it was amended in June 2004, which is truly a compromise of the mentioned two theories.