阿富汗问题的历史根源探析

19世纪末以来 ,阿富汗一直处于周边大国的夹缝中 ,因而奉行中立外交。二战后 ,亲苏势力成为威胁阿独立的重要因素。阿国内存在着民族、部落和教派矛盾 ,加上君主制现代化过程中存在的问题 ,引致196 5年以后国内激烈的政治斗争 ,1973年君主制被推翻 ,1978年亲苏势力上台 ,从而结束了阿富汗中立外交的传统和君主制的现代化努力。苏联撤军后 ,阿陷入连年内战 ,塔利班因此夺权 ,并接纳了国际恐怖主义势力 ,阿富汗此后从一个缓冲国演变为对欧亚局势产生重大影响的国家。未来阿富汗应当确立一个具有广泛参与的政治结构 ,维持中立和不结盟的传统。

A Trial Analysis of the Historic Root of Problem of Afghanistan

Since the late 19thcentury, Afghanistan,sandwiched between the neighboring powers,had followed a neutral policy.Arter World War II, The Pre-Soviet force turned out to be an importnat factor in threatening the independence of Afghanistan.Afghanistan is a country with ethnic ,tribal and religious contradictions and poor economy ,and the monarchy had done something in modernizing the country,but with problems .So the country saw serious political struggle after 1965.In 1973,the monarchy was toppled,and in 1978 the pre-Soviet force seized power,thus ending the tradition of neutrality and modernizing offorts of the monarchy.After the withdraw of the Soviet army,the country was drifted into the civil war,and then Taliban was in the center of power ,welcoming international terrorist force ,and making Afhanistan from a buffer state into one with strong influence on the situation in both Asia and Europe.In the future there should be a political structure with broad participation in Afghanistan and continue her tradition of neutrality and nonalignment.