论我国《消费者权益保护法》中的惩罚性赔偿

我国在1994年开始实施的《中华人民共和国消费者权益保护法》中规定了惩罚性损害赔偿制度,该制度具有惩罚经营者的欺诈行为和激励消费者维权的功能。但在司法实践中围绕该制度的适用却出现了问题,主要表现为知假买假者能否要求惩罚性赔偿,对适用惩罚性赔偿的条件———“欺诈”应如何理解以及惩罚性赔偿的数额等问题。认可知假买假者的消费者身份,对“欺诈”作有别于《民法通则》与《合同法》中的解释以及重新确定惩罚性赔偿的额度将有助于发挥惩罚性赔偿制度的功能。

On the Punitive Indemnity by the Consumer Protection Law

The system of punitive indemnity was established in the Consumer Protection Law of the People's Republic of China in 1994,and this system is to punish the activities of business operators as well as stimulate the consumers to safeguard their rights.But this system has its problem in practice,such as the indemnity to those who intentionally buy false good,the understanding of "fraud" and the sun of indemnity.To realize the function of that system,it is necessary to recognize the status of consumer as to those who intentionally buy false good,define the term "fraud" different from the General Rules of Civil Law and Contract Law,and to re-fix the sum of indemnity.