包庇罪若干问题探讨

包庇罪特有的行为方式——作假证明包庇,决定了其行为对象及行为时间的相对确定性:"犯罪的人"只限于犯罪嫌疑人和被告人而不可能包括已决犯,同时"作假证明包庇"也意味着,其行为的时间只可能发生在刑事诉讼程序已经启动生效判决尚未作出前。"包庇"不仅是"作假证明"行为所具有的客观性质,也是行为人主观故意的内容。包庇罪和伪证罪存在着一定的交叉竞合关系。我国刑法规定的包庇罪同人伦关系存在冲突,在新的立法规定出台之前,我们可以充分利用《刑法》总则第13条"但书"的出罪功能及包庇罪和伪证罪的竞合关系来消解和减少这种冲突。

On Several Questions of Crime of Criminal-protecting

The specific way of behavior of criminal-protecting crime,which refers to giving false testimony to protect the criminal,decides that the objective and the behavioral time are relatively fixed."Criminal" is only limited to the suspect and the accused not including the announced criminal.Meanwhile,"to give false testimony to protect the criminal" means that it can only take place between the starts of criminal procedural process and the end of the final trial."To protect the criminal" is not only the objective nature of "to give false testimony" but the motive of the conductor.There is an overlapping relation between the crime of criminal-protecting and crime of perjury.There exists conflict between the crime of criminal-protecting and human relations,and we can eliminate and minimize the conflict by fully employing the no criminalization function of the "buts" of Article 13 in general provisions of Criminal Law of PRC and the overlapping relation between the crime of criminal-protecting and crime of perjury before new legislation be promulgated.