法权中心的猜想与证明——兼答刘旺洪教授

在处理个人与国家的关系方面，个人主义与国家主义是政治哲学上的两个极端，权利本位与权力本位则是法律哲学上的两个极端，其社会实践后果都不理想。中国的法学应当改变权利本位或权力本位（义务本位）的两极化思维定势，为法治之法、社会主义法确立一个平正、中庸的中心。本文主张，法治之法、社会主义之法应当以法权为中心，寻求法权的最大化。法权中心的社会内容是整体利益中心，谋求整体利益最大化，而其财产内容则是财产（财富）总量中心，谋求财产总量最大化、经济效率最大化（或成本最小化）。法权中心符合宪法的精神，反映了现代法律制度的根本特征，适应中国的基本情况和人群的需要，学理上也有坚实的基础。法学基础理论研究应该进一步打破“法以权利为本位”这一片面的理论信条，按实事求是精神重新探寻和确认法治之法、社会主义法的重心所在。提出和证明法权中心的猜想，是本文作者在这方面所做的一个尝试。

The Guessing and Proving of Legal Right Center

In dealing with the relationship between individuals and the state, individualism and statism are two extremes in political philosophy, whereas right－based doctrine and power－based doctrine are two extremes in legal philosophy, the social consequences of which are all undesirable. China's jurisprudence should change the polarizing mode of thinking (either right－based or power－based doctrine) and establish an equal, just, and neutral center for the sake of socialist rule of law. The author of this article claims here that the socialist rule of law ought to have Faquan as its center and explore the maximum of Faquan. The social content of Faquan center is benefit－of－the－whole orientation, which is to seek the maximum benefit for the whole. The property content of Faquan center is total property orientation, which is to seek the maximum amount of property and maximum efficiency of economy (or minimum cost). Faquan center is in accordance with the spirit of our Constitution and it has reflected the basic features of modern legal system. It suits people's needs and China's main situations. In addition, it has a solid foundation in legal theory. To put forward the hypothesis of Faquan center and proof is but an attempt the author made in this respect.