人力资本理论研究的最新进展及其现实启示

20世纪80年代后期特别是进入90年代以后,西方人力资本理论研究呈现两个方面的发展趋势:一是经济学视角的宏观研究,代表人物主要是罗默尔和卢卡斯;二是管理学视角的微观研究,代表人物有布鲁金和斯图尔特。进入新世纪特别是近年来,我国相对深入的人力资本理论研究和实证分析蓬勃开展起来了。人力资本理论研究及其最新进展给我们的现实启示是颇多的,主要包括:发挥人力资源能力建设在经济社会发展中的“引领”作用,确立“能力本位”的指导思想;人力资源能力建设的核心是要确立人力资本投资的理念,特别是要重视初中等层次人力资本投资在经济社会发展中的特殊作用;人才培养要强化人才主体的个体投资意识,强调投资回报问题;要重视人力资本的价值计量,以价值计量为基础,优化人们的收入分配;人才培养既要重通用能力,更要重专业化能力;各类人才的能力要求是不一样的,人才培养的内容和重点要有所区别等。

The Latest Development and Its Practical Enlightenments of the Studies on Human Capital Theory

In the late 1980s, especially since the 1990s, there had been two development trends in the studies on human capital theory in the west world: one was macro-research from the perspective of economics, and the typical representatives were Paul Romer and Robert Lucas. The other was micro-research from the perspective of management, and the typical representatives were Annie Brooking and Thomas A. Stewart. After entering the new century, especially in the recent years, there have been a lot of theoretical studies and positive analyses on human capital in China. There are a lot of practical enlightenments from the latest development of the studies on human capital theory, and that includes: establishing the guiding ideology of "putting ability first", establishing the sense of human capital investment, strengthening the consciousness of human capital investment by himself or herself, attaching importance to the measure of human capital value, attaching importance to the training of common ability, and professional ability as well as, and making a distinction of training among deferent talents.