社会影响力债券:一个城市多元治理的工具创新

为缓解政府财政压力,保障公共服务支出的稳定性,2007年英国首先提出社会影响力债券(SIB)模式。它是一种新型合作治理伙伴关系,通过向社会发行债券融资,建立资金池委托服务提供方生产公共产品和解决公共问题,最终由政府根据绩效向投资者支付本息。其典型特征是“政府退出生产”“为结果付费”。凭借巧妙的机制设计,SIB能够作为市场融资工具、多元治理工具和监督考核工具在城市管理领域广泛应用。未来可通过培养综合性的中介机构,积极出台政府支持政策,调动社会资本广泛参与,建立健全社会组织体系,提高评估机构专业能力,推动SIB成为中国城市多元治理工具。

Social Impact Bonds:A Tool Innovation of Urban Pluralistic Governance

In order to relieve the government’s financial pressure and ensure the stability of public service expenditure,Britain first proposed the social impact bonds(SIB)model in 2007.SIB is a new partnership of cooperative governance.By issuing bonds to the society for financing,it establishes a fund pool to entrust service providers to produce public products and solve public problems.Finally the government pays principal and interest to investors according to performance.Typical characteristics of SIB are“withdrawal of government from production”and“payment by results”.With ingenious mechanism design,SIB can be widely used in the field of urban management as a market financing tool,a multiple governance tool,a supervision and assessment tool.With the purpose of promoting SIB to become a tool innovation of urban pluralistic governance in China,it is necessary to train comprehensive intermediaries,actively introduce government support policies,mobilize the broad participation of social capital,improve social organization system and enhance the professional ability of assessment institutions.