外行领导内行?——专业型组织、专家型领导与新冠肺炎疫情防控

专业型组织或知识密集型组织的核心员工都是专业人士,如何对他们进行有效领导一直存在争议。专家型领导理论认为要内行领导内行,但干部管理制度在实际运行时通常导致外行领导内行。本文以新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎疫情防控为案例,对地方卫生健康部门的领导干部履历进行分析,探究如何通过专家型领导来强化科学防控。对于专业型组织而言,应尽可能选派专家型领导,不应过分强调内行领导内行,专业知识和技能只是领导胜任力的维度之一。不同层级和部门的领导干部需要具备不同的能力组合,可以通过加强轮岗和培训来提升他们的全面领导能力。

Do Generalists Lead Experts?--Expertise-Based Organizations,Expert Leadership,and the Prevention and Control of COVID-19

The core employees of expertise-based organizations or knowledge-intensive organizations are professionals or technical experts,and how to effectively lead them is a debatable theme lingering in the field.Expert leadership theory argues that experts should be led by expert leaders,while cadre management institutions often result in generalists leading experts.In this article,we use the case of epidemic prevention and control of 2019 Novel Coronavirus(COVID-2019)in China to analyze the resumes of the heads of local health commissions.We argue that we should not overemphasize the rule of laymen leading experts,because technical knowledge and skills are merely one of the leadership competences.Leaders at different levels and departments need different combinations of skills,and we should use executive training and job rotation to boost their full range of leadership skills.