The typing of group-specific component (Gc protein) in human blood stains |
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Authors: | Hiroshi Kimura Kaoru Shinomiya Ken-Ichi Yoshida Takaaki Shinomiya |
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Affiliation: | Department of Legal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ehime, Shigenobu, Ehime 79102 Japan |
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Abstract: | It is known that the typing of group-specific component (Gc protein) in human blood stains is difficult since Gc protein of the extracts of blood stains migrates more anodally to the α1-globulin region in agar-gel immunoelectrophoresis, while Gc protein in liquid blood normally migrates to the α2-globulin region. We have reported that the Gc protein found in the α1-region is the result of binding of actin to Gc protein (Shinomiya, K., Kimura, H., Yoshida, K., and Shinomiya, T., J. Biochem., 92 (1982) 1163–1171, which renders it difficult to determine the Gc-phenotypes in the blood stains. On the basis of the above findings, we developed the method of phenotyping the Gc protein of human blood stains by agar-gel immunoelectrophoresis. Since the binding activity of actin to Gc protein is lost after treatment with a high concentration of guanidine HCl, the extracts of blood stains were treated with 4 M guanidine HCl to dissociate Gc protein and actin and then dialyzed to remove guanidine HCl. By this method we are able to determine the phenotypes of Gc protein in blood stains. The method we have developed is a useful tool in the forensic laboratory. |
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Keywords: | Group-specific component Polymorphism Blood stain Actin Serum vitamin D binding protein |
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