Bonding in a High-Risk and a General Sample of Children:Comparison of Measures of Attachment and Their Relationship to Smoking and Drinking |
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| Authors: | Marilyn J. Hoppe Elizabeth A. Wells Kevin P. Haggerty Edith E. Simpson Randy R. Gainey Richard F. Catalano |
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| Affiliation: | (1) University of Washington, and Project Director of the Children's Health Awareness Project and the Health Habits Project, USA;(2) University of Washington's School of Medicine, and Principal Investigator for the Children's Health Awareness Project, USA;(3) University of Washington, Coprincipal Investigator and Intervention Specialist for the Focus on Families Project in the Social Development Research Group, and Director of the Raising Healthy Children project, USA;(4) University of Washington, USA;(5) Old Dominion University, USA |
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| Abstract: | Bonding in parent, peer, and school domains were compared in a general sample of children and a sample of children of methadone-treated parents. Bivariate comparisons revealed that children of methadone-treated parents had lower SES, and were significantly more likely to smoke cigarettes but not more likely to drink alcohol. Several measures of attachment were significantly different between the two samples across parent, peer, and school domains. Multivariate analyses indicated that the children of methadone-treated parents were more likely to smoke, even after accounting for the effects of demographic and attachment variables. For drinking, sample membership was not found to be significant. Attachment to school decreased the odds of both smoking and drinking in both samples. Peer attachment had no effect on the odds of smoking initiation; however,loyalty to best friend did predict increased odds of drinking initiation. |
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