基层行政区划的管理幅度演变：规律与启示——对一个县150年区划演变的纵贯性研究

自2000年以来进行的新一轮基层区划调整是乡镇体制改革的重头戏,必将对农村发展产生深远的影响。但我们对于基层区划的演变规律研究得还不够。本文以皖南一个有着1800年历史的县为个案,统计了自1865年以来的24次基层区划调整,分析了基层区划管理幅度演变的四条规律,并给予了解释。特别是发现了县以下区划由虚向实的演变趋势,以及乡镇区划的幅员在同一个国家形态中骤降缓升的现象。结合当前的新农村建设,本文认为基层区划微调的方向是强化自然村或者类似层级的民主制度建设,这是农民成为主体的新平台和新出路之一。

A Sequential Investigation into How the Scope of Preliminary Administrative Districts Has Changed

The last reform of preliminary systems pays great attention on the adjustment on preliminary administrative districts. Owing to the stability of administrative district, this turn of adjustment will surely shape rural development deeply. The significant change has come to practice while we have no enough knowledge we should have acquired. So can this adjustment work well? And how should we adapt this adjustment to the real coditions? After an inquiry into 24 adjustments on preliminary district during 150 years in an ancient county with an 1800-year history, the paper illustrates three laws of the change of preliminary districts, and manage to interpret them appropriately. Also, it argues that we should strengthen the democracy construction under the administrative village level.