冲突与融合:民事二审审理方式实践运行与规则预设的检视和改造

我国《民事诉讼法》立法上坚持二审以"开庭审理为原则,以不开庭审理为例外"为基本取向,但多年来二审审理的实践选择却并未遵循立法预设的路径,甚至呈现一定程度的背离与冲突。随着司法绩效考核体系的建立和新《民事诉讼法》的出台,二审开庭得到强化,从表面上看实现了实践向理论的回归,但数据的背后却暗含着对开庭方式的异化和扭曲。面对复杂的司法现状,我们不能简单地做出价值判断,而应对实践与规则各自做出检视和反思,通过理念对接和程序改造消弭冲突的进路,实现多元司法价值的平衡与共存。

Conflicts and Integration: the Review and Reform of the Practices and Rule-making for the Civil Trial on Second Instance

The legislation about the method of trial on second instance in Civil Procedural Law of China insists on the basic orientation which is"opening hearing trial as principle and closed hearing trial as exception",but years of the practical choice about the second instance trial did not follow the route of legislative presupposition,and even appear a certain degree of deviation and conflict. With the establishment of the legal performance evaluation system and the issuance of modified Civil Procedural Law,the application of opening hearing on second instance is being strengthened. Seeing from the appearance,it achieved the regression from practice to the theory,but the data implies the alienation and distortion of the opening hearing trial. Facing complex judicial status,we should examine and reflect on our practice and rules,through concept fusing and procedure reforming,balance and coexistence of pluralistic judicial value,instead of making a simple value judgment.