司法政策论要——基于行政诉讼的考察

司法政策作为国家处理司法问题的一种导向或立场、态度,是司法机关所制定的对司法活动进行指引和规范的规则,体现了司法机关对司法活动以及司法机关的角色所表达的基本观点和态度。法院审理案件的过程实际上是徘徊在法律与司法政策、政府与民众、个人利益与公共利益之间进行利益衡量、价值衡量的过程。司法政策内在本质上兼具了政治性与司法性的特质,外在表现为灵活性、平衡性、统一性、开放性、动态性。司法政策具有指引、补充、协调、创制、试验等功能。由于缺乏稳定、成熟的司法哲学作为支撑,过于强调或突出司法政策对司法实践的作用,会影响法律的权威地位,易对法治建设造成一定的负面影响。制定与实施司法政策的核心命题就是要处理法律与司法政策的关系,目前已形成司法政策代替法律、司法政策改变法律、司法政策补充法律这三种模式。

Theory of Judicial Policy: Based on the Review of Administrative Litigation

As a guide or position,attitude for countries to deal with judicial issues,judicial policy is formulated by the judicial organs to guide and standardize the rules of judicial activities,embodies the basic views and attitudes of judicial authority toward judicial activity and the role expressed by the judicial organs. The process of court trial is,in fact,a pendulum between law and judicial policy,government and people,personal interests and public interests to measure interest and value. Inherent in the nature of judicial policy is both the political and judicial characteristics,with flexibility,balance,unity,openness and dynamism as its external performance. Judicial policy has the function of guidance,complement,coordination,creation and test,etc.Due to the lack of stable and mature judicial philosophy,too much emphasis or highlight on the judicial policy in the judicial practice can affect the authority of law and cause certain negative impact on the rule of law. The core proposition of judicial policy is to deal with the relationship between law and judicial policy. At present,three models have been formed: the judicial policy replacing law,judicial policy changing law and judicial policy supplementing law.