西方国家议会立法改革趋势之探析——兼论政府在立法中的功能角色

20世纪以来在法律和政治理论上处于优越地位的西方国家议会，都已呈现出一种共同趋势，即作为立法机关的地位实际下降了。而政府在很大程度上主导、直至支配着立法。为应对此种变化，当代西方国家议会趋于在统一掌握立法最终审议权和控制权的前提下，广泛采用各种更灵活的立法形式。且越来越重视其民主监督功能的发挥，以期一方面强化政府立法的民主保障，加强对政府立法的监督和控制，以协调其立法民主与行政效率的动态统一；另一方面改革和完善议会制度。以实质性地强化其立法审议和立法监督能力。

Legislative Reform Trends of the Parliaments of Western Countries——Also on Legislative Role of the Government

The parliaments of the western countries, occupied dominant status in the legal and political theory though,has undergone a similar trend of change in practice since the beginning of 20th century that its importance as the legislature has actually declined and the government has dominated or even controlled legislation.To deal with the changes,the parliaments tend to,while keeping a firm grasp on the ultimate legislative deliberation and the democratic control,adopt more and more flexible ways of legislation,and attach more and more importance to their function of democratic control ,in order to, on the one hand, strengthen democratization and supervision of the delegated legislations to maintain the dynamic balance between the legislative democracy and the executive efficiency;on the other hand,reform the parliamentary system to improve substantively their abilities of legislative deliberation and control.