我国商标侵权适用法定赔偿的新思考——基于北京知识产权法院2015—2019年判决的分析

法定赔偿是我国商标侵权损害赔偿的重要组成部分。北京知识产权法院5年来的司法实践表明:法定赔偿适用的比例畸高,法定赔偿判赔数额和支持率呈现不稳定的趋势,法定赔偿的考量因素体系也正在形成。但是这仍然无法改变法定赔偿存在偏离末位救济的立法初衷、部分背离补偿性赔偿的功能以及缺乏较为一致的适用规则等问题的现状。基于此,应对我国商标侵权法定赔偿进行新设计。法定赔偿应成为与实际损失、侵权获利、许可费的倍数并行的损害赔偿计算方式,同时取消"难以确定"这一适用条件,明确计算过程,还应结合商标侵权的特殊性建立考量因素体系并优化证据规则。

New Reflections on the Application of Pre-Established Damages for Trademark Infringement in China: Based on the Analysis of the Judgements by Beijing Intellectual Property Court 2015-2019

Pre-established damages are an important part of trademark infringement damages in China. The judicial practice of Beijing Intellectual Property Court in the past five years indicates that the pre-established damages are excessively applied, that the amount of pre-established damages and relevant sustaining decision decided by the court are instable, and that the consideration factors system of pre-established damages are being formed. However, the efforts in relation to pre-established damages still can’t address the following problems, that the pre-established damages deviate from the original legislation purpose of providing the last resort, partly deviate from the function of compensatory damages, and lack of consistent applicable rules. It is therefore suggested to redesign the pre-established damages for trademark infringement in China. Pre-established damages, as a method of calculating damages, should be juxtaposed with actual loss, infringement profits, and multiple of license fee, meanwhile, rescinding the applicable condition of "hard to determine" to clarify the calculation process. In addition, the system of consideration factors should be formed, and evidence rules should be optimized, taking into consideration of the specificity of trademark infringement.