公共新闻:崛起的背景与前景

公共新闻学是20世纪80年代末、90年代初在美国新闻界兴起的一个社会运动,是新闻界面对社会的批评和信任危机而提出的解决方案。公共新闻理念诞生是对全球传媒体系、新自由主义与文化帝国主义的综合作用的反叛,是从传媒消费主义时代向媒介公民时代的回归与转向。全球化背景下,美国媒体的反民主趋势正在加剧。公共新闻则致力于公民知情权的保障与新闻自由的捍卫。因此,公共新闻理论及其实践是"社会责任理论"的丰富和发展,也是在媒体民主功能式微的历史条件下社会责任论演进的新阶段。但是,公共新闻依然无法从根本上真正解决保持(媒介的)利益与联系社会公众的现实悖论。

The Public Journalism:the Background and Prospect

The public journalism grows out from a social movement arising in the late 1980's or early 1990' s in the United States.It is a way-out advocated by the journalism circle to face up with both the criticism from society and solve the crisis in belief.The birth of the theory of the public medium reveals an general overall betray of global medium system,neo-liberalism and cultural Empiralism,which is a regression and transfer from medium epoch to citizen epoch.The anti-democratic tendency towards the American medium tends to aggravate the public medium,however,makes its effort to guarantee citizen's rights to be informed and defend the liability of public media.Therefore,the journalistic theory and practice of the public media is in effect an enrichment and development of "the theory of social responsibility and it is also predicting a new phase in the specific historical time when the function of democratic media is in a less advantageous phase.In spite of that,the public medium remains difficult to really dissolve the contradiction ion how to balance the medium interest and connection with the public."