企业改革路在何方:基于“从本质到现象”分析框架的探索

对企业组织及其发展走势的认知应该基于从本质到现象的研究路线,而不能局限于事物的表象并为不同时空下的不同形态所遮蔽。由此就有:首先,与协作系统这一本质相对应,利益相关者社会观就是对企业的合理认知;其次,在现实世界中,信息和力量的不对称却导致了企业组织的异化发展,由此就产生了当前盛行的股东价值观;最后,随着社会发展带来信息机制的完善和力量分布的分散,异化了的企业组织又会呈现出回归协作系统这一本质的基本趋势。同时,对企业的认知也与社会文化和心理意识有关,因而不同社会中的企业组织呈现出的异化程度也不一样。事实上,无论是在产权安排还是治理机制上,日本等东方社会的企业组织都与流行的理论存在很大差异,相应地,我国企业组织及制度的建设也必须与儒家社会的文化心理相适应。

Where is the Way of Enterprise Reform:An Exploration under the Analysis Frame from Essence to Phenomenon

The cognition of enterprise organization and its development trend should be based on the research route from essence to phenomenon,instead of being limited to the appearance of things and covered by different forms under different time and space.First,corresponding to the nature of collaboration system,stakeholder social view is a reasonable understanding of the enterprise.Secondly,in the real world,the asymmetry of information and power leads to the alienated development of enterprise organization,thus giving rise to the prevailing shareholder value.Finally,with the improvement of information mechanism and the dispersion of power distribution brought by social development,the alienated enterprise organization will show a basic trend of returning to the nature of collaboration system.At the same time,the cognition of enterprise is also related to social culture and psychological consciousness,so the degree of alienation of enterprise organization in different societies is also different.In fact,no matter in terms of property rights arrangement or governance mechanism,the enterprise organizations in Japan and other Eastern societies are quite different from the popular theories.Accordingly,the construction of enterprise organizations and systems in China must also adapt to the cultural psychology of Confucian society.