自招危险情形下的紧急避险问题研究

自招危险者是否享有紧急避险的权利?理论界存在否定说、肯定说、二分说以及相当说四种观点。破解这一理论难题的关键在于实现权利保有和责任追究之间的平衡。一方面,应当允许自招危险者实施紧急避险,因为这体现了法律宽容谦抑的品格和法益保护的思想,符合刑法关于紧急避险和中止犯的规定,在具有可操作性的同时又与社会一般观念相吻合。另一方面,行为人也必须为自己招致危难的过错行为承担相应的刑事或民事责任。

A Study on the Necessity in the Situation in which the Actor Causes the Danger Himself

Does the person who causes the danger owns the right to carry out necessity ? The key to solve this difficult problem lies in the realization of the balance between the right maintaining and the responsibility undertaking.On the one hand,the person who causes the danger should be allowed to carry out necessity,because it embodies the character of tolerance and the thought of legal interests protecting conforms to the criminal law's stipulation on necessity and discontinuance,accords with the general social idea and is easy to be operated;on the other hand,the actor should undertake the corresponding criminal or civil responsibility for his fault of causing danger.