柏拉图的正义观探析

柏拉图的<理想国>就是一部"正义论".在<理想国>一书中,柏拉图从批判可经验的具体正义着手,引出了国家的正义概念.他提出正义就是国家中每一阶层人尽其材、各司其职、不相僭越.柏拉图的正义观对后世产生了巨大的影响,同时也受到了许多的误解和批评.在理解柏拉图的正义观时,我们应把它放到古希腊历史情境的深处去思考,放到哲学情境中去思考,以免忽视了经典理论中蕴含的普遍性成分的永恒价值.

Plato''''s Notion of Justice

Plato's Republic, or the Ideal State, is the search after justice, in which he started with criticizing concrete and perceptible justice and introduced the concept of a State perfected by justice. In his opinion justice is that members of each social class in a state should perform the task for society in accordance with their natural abilities and that everyone is to do his own job without interfering into the work of others. Though Plato's notion of justice had great influence on later generations, he was misunderstood in many aspects and was criticized accordingly. In understanding Plato's notion of justice we should consider the Greek historical situation from philosophical perspective so as not to fail to grasp the eternal value and universal truth implied in this classical theory.