货车后下部防护装置不同截面横梁在碰撞中的吸能性研究

目的 高速公路上轿车追尾大型车辆的事故时有发生,货车后下部防护装置横梁（以下简称横梁）缓冲吸能特性的好坏对减少后车人员伤亡有着重要的现实意义.方法 通过利用显式非线性有限元理论对四种常见典型截面形状的后横梁建立碰撞仿真模型,在《汽车和挂车后下部防护要求》（GB11567.2-2001）标准要求的碰撞试验条件下,进行碰撞仿真研究.结果 应用此法在同等边界条件下,对常见的四种横截面横梁建立缓冲吸能性的科学评价依据.结论 研究表明,在同等条件下,圆形横截面横梁的缓冲吸能性能最好.

Study on the Energy Absorption Capability of the Large Vehicle's Protection Crossbeam with Different Cross Sections in Rear-end Collision

Objective Rear-end collisions between cars and large vehicles are common traffic accidents on the expressway. The energy-absorption capability of the large vehicle＇s protection crossbeam is of great practical significance for reducing casualties in the follaving car. Methods The nonlinear explicit dynamic finite element method was used to establish the collision simula- tion model of the large vehicle＇s protection crossbeams with four typical cross sections. Collision simulation under the collision condition required by the standard of GBl1567.2-2001 was studied. Results This nonlinear explicit dynamic finite element method coued be used in the scientific evaluation of the energy-absorption capability of the protection crossbeams with four different cross sections under the same boundary conditions. Conclusion The research result shows that, under the same con- ditions, the energy-absorption capability of the protection crossbeam with circular section is the best.