东西伯利亚和远东的煤炭工业

俄罗斯东西伯利亚和远东地区煤炭工业企业在1994年以后进行了资产重组,关闭了一批亏损严重的煤矿。尽管中央和地方政府都制定了一系列经济和能源发展纲要,但收效甚微。一些长期困扰煤炭工业的老大难问题仍未解决,诸如投资乏力、铁路运价过高、拖欠购煤款等。而这些问题不解决,新煤矿的开发建设、老煤矿的技术更新、磨损设备的修复或更换等都无从谈起。振兴煤炭工业的关键是政府加大宏观调控力度。

COAL INDUSTRY OF SIBERIA AND THE FAR EAST

After 1994,the enterprises of coal industry in East Siberia and the Far East reorganized their properties and closed some filthy and dilapidated coal mines.Although the central and local governments made a series of programmes for development of economy and energy,very little effect was produced.They have not resolved some long-standing,big and difficult problems such as a shortage of investment,much too high freight and payment for coal in default,etc.If these problems are not solved,it is impossible to set up new coal mines and renew techniques and equipment of the old mines.The key to rejuvenation of coal industry is that the central government should make a great effort to carry out macro-control.