公共服务供给不足的政治经济分析

二十多年的改革开放使我国经济社会进入了新的发展阶段,在这个阶段中,日益增长的公共需求与公共服务供给不足之间的矛盾愈益突出。公共服务的供给不足很大程度是缘于公共组织的制衡设计原则和公共服务的交叉特征所导致的“反公地悲剧”。基于已有研究的成果,从水平层面和垂直链条两个方面可以构建出公共服务供给中的反公地悲剧模型,而在实践中主要表现为部门多头管理、回应公共需求变化的能力弱以及以部门利益阻挠公共利益的实现。要治理这种反公地,必须从理念转变、制度建设以及财政政策转型等方面创新公共服务体制。

The Political Economy of the Under-Provision of Public Service

After more than twenty years' development, China's economic society now is in a new century that the contradiction between expanding demands of public service with the under-provision of public service is more and more outstanding. The reason of the under-provision is the anticommons within institutional design of public organizations and the characteristic of public service. Based on some prior study, this paper constructs a theoretical model from perspectives of horizontal and sequential levels. Towards some practical indications, this paper puts forward some advices about how to resolve the anticommons in the provision of public service.