日本对华援助(ODA)政策调整的原因分析

日本对华援助是在中国放弃日本战争赔款和国际形势发生重大变化、要促进中日两国和平友好相处的背景下产生的,20多年来,日本对华“援助”在中国大地的改革开放过程中,谱写了中日友好的新篇章。但是,近年来,由于国际形势和中日两国国内情况的变化,中日关系在逐步倒退。日本开始改变初衷,即对华援助从过去的以经济利益为目的转向以政治利益为目的。日本对华ODA政策作了大幅调整,“援助”金额逐渐减少,而且,日本政要多次表示对华经援“总有一天要毕业”。日本方面出现了与初衷不同的做法,给两国关系正常化带来了不利的影响。

Analysis of causes of policy adjustment of Japan's ODA to China

Japan's assistance to China is brought about in a certain background,in which China gave up the war indemnity from Japan and the changing international trend enhanced a friendly Sino-Japan relationship.In the past 20 years,Japan's assistance to China has added a new chapter to the friendly Sino-Japan relationship in the course of China's open-up and reform.However,in recent years,the changing international situation and the changing domestic situation in China and Japan have led to the gradual retrogression of the Sino-Japan relationship.Japan began to alter its original intention,i.e.from economical orientation to political orientation.The ODA to China has undergone a profound alteration.The amount of assistance has decreased little by little.The key Japanese government officials made declaration several times that the assistance "would surely graduate some day." This article analyses the reasons of the alteration in Japan's ODA to China and its influence on Sino-Japan relationship from two aspects,namely,the background of ODA and over 20 years' practice of ODA in China.