论公民的社会保障权与突发事件中的国家救助

宪法上所确认的社会保障权,要求国家在公民因突发事件的打击而陷入困顿时承担主要救助义务,以维持其相当水准的生活。我国目前以自然灾害赈济为中心的应急救助体系存在规范残缺、范围狭小、主体缺位、标准偏低等明显不足,亟待完善。而构建国家应急救助制度的重点,在救助依据的确立、救助主体的确定、救助对象的界定、救助程序的设计、救助标准的衡量和救助资金的筹集等方面。

On the Right to Social Security and National Emergency Assistance

The right to social security on the Constitution requests the national assistance to the people suffering poverty resulted from public emergencies so as to keep them in an adequate standard of living. It is necessary to improve the national emergency assistance system in China that largely limited in natural disaster relief because of its incomplete regulations, narrow scope, improper undertaker and low standard. The emphases of national emergency assistance system include enacting regulations, identifying the undertaker, determining the assisted object, designing the procedure, establishing standards and raising fund.