司法认知:证明责任的新视角

证明责任解决的是当事人对哪些事实应当举证证明,否则承担败诉风险.司法认知解决的是哪些事实不需要当事人举证证明,免除当事人的证明责任,而由法官直接确认.在证据法学中,人们往往热衷于从证明对象的角度来把握哪些事实应该由当事人承担证明责任,而鲜有从司法认知的角度来把握证明责任的承担.如果从司法认知的角度来把握证明责任,那么司法认知影响证明责任的分配.但是司法认知只影响主观证明责任的分配,而与客观证明责任没有实质的关联.

Judicial Notice:A New Perspective to Study Burden of Proof

The burden of proof is mainly concerned with the issue what facts the litigants should produce evidence to prove,or they will bear the risk of losing an action.Judicial notice is concened with the issue what facts the litigants need not produce evidence to prove,but the judges establish them directly.The issue what facts the litigants should produce evidence to prove is often studied from the perspective of object of proof.This thesis studies the issue from a different perspective:the perspective of judicial notice.The conclusion is that judicial notice has an impact on burden of proof,but the impact is only limited to the secope of subjective burden of proof.