缺血性脑卒中患者发病节气与证型的相关性研究

目的 探究缺血性脑卒中发病节气与证型的相关性。方法 选取2021年天津中医药大学第一附属医院住院病历系统中4 838例缺血性脑卒中患者，使用频数分布统计法对其性别、年龄、发病节气、中医证型等信息进行分析，计算患者的发病日期对应的发病节气，然后分析缺血性脑卒中的发病节气与中医证型的相关性；使用圆形分布统计法探究发病节气、中医证型的高峰点。结果 4 838例患者中，男性3 233例（66.8%），女性1 605例（33.2%）；60~69岁有1 814例（37.5%），为发病人数最多的年龄段；阴虚动风证2 268例（46.9%），风痰阻络证1 231例（25.4%），两者为最常见的证型；清明为发病率最高的节气，总体发病节气无绝对高峰期，惊蛰为阴虚动风证发病高峰，小满为风痰阻络证发病高峰。结论 缺血性脑卒中患者男性多于女性，60~69岁年龄段发病人数最多，整体发病不存在绝对高峰节气，阴虚动风、风痰阻络两种证型的发病存在高峰期，阴虚动风证的发病高峰节气是惊蛰，风痰阻络证的发病高峰节气为小满，提示二十四节气内均可发病，重点人群要积极且持续的预防。

Association Between Solar Term of Onset and Syndrome Type in Patients with Ischemic Stroke

Objective To investigate the association between solar term of onset and syndrome type in ischemic stroke. Methods A total of 4 838 patients with ischemic stroke were selected from the system of hospitalization medical records in The First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine in 2021, and the frequency distribution method was used to analyze their information such as sex, age, solar term of onset, and TCM syndrome type. The solar term of onset corresponding to the onset date was calculated, and then the association between solar term of onset and TCM syndrome type in ischemic stroke was analyzed. The circular distribution method was used to explore the peak of solar term of onset and TCM syndrome type. Results Among the 4 838 patients, there were 3 233 male patients (66.8%) and 1 605 female patients (33.2%), and the age of 60-69 years was the age group with the largest number of patients (1 814 patients accounting for 37.5%). The most common syndromes were Yin deficiency and dynamic wind syndrome in 2 268 patients (46.9%) and the syndrome of wind-phlegm blocking collaterals in 1 231 patients (25.4%). Pure Brightness was the solar term with the highest incidence rate, and there was no absolute peak for the overall solar term of onset. Waking of Insects was the peak for the onset of Yin deficiency and dynamic wind syndrome, and Lesser Fullness of Grain was the peak for the onset of the syndrome of wind-phlegm blocking collaterals. Conclusion There are more male patients than female patients with ischemic stroke, and the age group of 60-69 years has the largest number of patients. There is no absolute peak for the overall solar term of onset, while there is a peak for Yin deficiency and dynamic wind syndrome and the syndrome of wind-phlegm blocking collaterals; Waking of Insects is the peak for the onset of Yin deficiency and dynamic wind syndrome, and Lesser Fullness of Grain is the peak for the onset of the syndrome of wind-phlegm blocking collaterals, suggesting that disease onset can be observed in all 24 solar terms and active and persistent prevention is required for the key population.