论公司法与民法典的良性互动关系

《公司法》与《民法典》无缝对接、有机衔接、同频共振、相辅相成《民法典》中的基本原则普适于公司法律关系,诸项具体制度也可补充适用。《公司法》对特定事项有规定、而《民法典》无规定时,应适用《公司法》。两法对特定事项均有规定、但相抵触时,应优先适用《公司法》。两法对法人制度的规定详略不同、但不相抵触时,应优先适用《公司法》。两法在很多公司法案件中可兼容并用,协同共治,互不排斥。平等、自愿、公平、诚信、公序良俗、绿色、关怀弱势群体和禁止权利滥用共同构成民法八项基本原则。而公司法有其独特原则,如等价有偿、尊重与保障公司的生存权与发展权、慎重解散公司、坚持商业模式的包容性、促进公司的三重营利性、弘扬股权文化、鼓励公司社会责任和构建新型亲清政商关系原则。要尊重《公司法》的特别法地位,必须切实扭转司法实践中的“轻公司法化”现象。修改《公司法》和解释《民法典》应着眼于消除规范冲突,预防制度真空,铸造制度合力。

The Positive Interactions Between Corporate Law and Civil Code

Corporate Law and Civil Codeare closely interconnected and intertwined. The principles and variety of rules of civil law are universally applicable to corporate relationships. Corporate law shall prevail while Civil Code is silent on specific issues or provides otherwise. Corporate law shall prevail when it provides more detailed rules than Civil Code on legal persons. Both of them should be used in many cases. The principles of Civil Code include equality, freedom, fairness, credibility, public policy, protection of environment, caring vulnerable groups and prohibition of abuse of rights. However, corporate law his its own principles, such as arm’s-length principle, empowering corporate survival and sustainable growth, less corporate dissolutions, inclusive business models, corporate profitability, maximization of shareholder’s value and corporate social responsibility. To respect the special status of Corporate Law, the philosophy ignoring corporate law should be reversed in judicial practice. Corporate properties include real rights, creditor’s rights, shareholder’s rights, intellectual property rights, right of reputation, beneficiary ownership, right of big data and virtual properties.The reform of Corporate Law and the interpretation of Civil Code are advised to eliminate legal conflicts and loopholes, and to build institutional solidarity.