罗尔斯和诺齐克正义理论导读——兼谈现代哲学研究的理论困境与思维转型

两人的正义理论都是对个人基本权利的强调,只是论证手段不同。他们共同面临的哲学困惑主要有以下原因1.思想上,固守传统思维,坚持单一、公式化的主体价值内涵;2.制度设计上,主体价值的安置错位;3.心理上,信任观念的缺乏;4.伦理上,忽视人之内在价值或者内在价值跟主体制度的脱离。文章提出能够保证人们参与制度创设和形成公共价值理念的程序更重要,社会与个人会在人们的共同参与中实现自然的内在契合。

Introduction to the Justice Theory of Rawls and No zick -On the Changes Required to the Philosophical Approach

Both Rawls' and Nozick's justice theory use different t heoretical perspective to emphasize individual right. The perplexation which the y faced includes:Firstly, on an ideological perspective, it is entrenched within traditional thought and sticks to a unitary and formulaic concept of the values of subjects. Secondly, on the perspective of institutional design, it misinterp rets the values of subjects. Thirdly, on the psychological perspective, it is sh ort of reliance of subjects. And fourthly, on the ethical perspective, it ignore s natural good of subjects and dislocates natural good from subjects. The articl e concludes its position with the contention that the main point of justice theo ry is not to define what is justice, but to establish a process by which it mayb e justified, society and individuals can achieve agreement on the participation of subjects.