期待可能性理论与我国犯罪构成理论体系的重构

尽管在期待可能性理论的法律归属、地位和标准等方面还有纷争,但它已成为德、日等大陆法系刑法学界的通说,这是一个不争的事实。在大陆法系国家,期待可能性不仅是衡量犯罪成立与否的规格因素,而且具有减免责任之功效。社会转型期的我国倘若引入期待可能性理论,对现实许多疑难、争议案件可作出令人信服的阐释,有助于凸显我国刑法的谦抑性与制约国家刑罚权,并丰富我国的刑法理论和研究方法,当然,这会导致我国犯罪构成理论体系的重构。

The Expected Possibility Theory and Reconstructing the Theoretical Structure of China''''s Criminality

While controversies still exist over the legal attribute, status and guidelines of the “expected possibility theory,” this theory has no doubt become a well-received doctrine in the continental law countries, including Germany and Japan. In the continental countries, the expected possibility theory not only serves as an element to ascertain a crime, but also plays the role to diminish offender responsibilities. Since China is now in a transient period, this author determines that the introduction of this theory will help us convincingly interpret a variety of hard and disputed cases and is conducive to underlying the modesty and constraint attributes of China’s criminal law, and to limiting the state’s power to impose sanctions. Consequently, it will result in the reconstruction of the theoretical structure of China’s criminality.