行使财产权行为犯罪构成判定

在判断行使财产权行为是否构成夺取罪方面存在司法上的困惑和理论上的缺失.传统观点认为,行使财产权行为不具有侵犯他人所有权的客体,没有非法占有的目的,而且是一种自助行为,不构成夺取类犯罪.在社会主义市场经济下的夺取罪构成要件需要进行重构.夺取罪犯罪客体采用以平稳占有说为基础的财产秩序.行使财产权利行为的非法占有目的虽然具有债权的法律依据,但其夺取行为和手段不符合法律规定.自助行为的成立需在主体、标的、主观目的、紧迫性和手段强度上符合要求.因此,行使财产权行为应构成夺取罪,除非其符合自助行为阻却违法的条件.

Analysis of Criminal Constitution of the Acts of Exercising Rights of Property

Many problems of criminal evaluation exist on whether the acts of exercising rights of property can be convicted of the crimes of acquiring property.Chinese criminal theory and judicial practice reject to convict the acts of the crimes of acquiring property.The following is the main arguments: the acts don't infringe the object requirement-the ownership;the defendant has no purpose of illegal possession;they are acts of self-help which can impede the criminal illegality.The new standard of the criminal evaluation of the acts shall be rebuilt.The object requirement of the crimes acquiring property shall be defined as the order of property,which means the peaceful and stable possession of the property.There exists the purpose to illegal possession in the acts.Only a small part of the acts can form the act of self-help which is the impediment of criminal illegality.The acts to exercise the rights of creditor shall be convicted of the crimes to acquiring property,unless the acts correspond with the requirements of the act of self-help impeding the criminal illegality;