医疗损害举证责任之缓和规则

医疗损害举证责任缓和是指在诉讼中患方的举证达到一定的程度,无法达到法律要求的证明标准情况下,实行举证责任转换,由医方承担举证责任的一种举证责任规则。它是一种不同于举证责任倒置的,有效平衡医患双方当事人在诉讼中举证能力的,充分体现诉讼武器平等原则的举证责任制度。在患方的证明具有相当程度因果关系的可能性、医方无法证明医疗行为与损害结果之间没有因果关系及具备对此种因果关系推定的基础性条件的情况下,才能适用医疗损害举证责任缓和规则。在我国现行立法规定的举证责任规则不能完全保护患方权益的情况下,为了提高诉讼效率,公正、合理地裁判医疗损害纠纷案件,有必要在法律上引入和构建举证责任缓和规则。

The Alleviated Rules on Burden of Proof for Medical Malpractice

The alleviation of burden of proof for medical malpractice refers to such rules that where the pa- tient has offered proof to some extent but less enough as required by law, the burden of proof will be trans- ferred to the hospital. Different from the inversion of burden of proof, it is an effective method of balancing the inequality of burden of proof between the hospital and the patient, and can realize the principle of equality in civil litigation. These rules can only be applied on such conditions that there is probability of considerable can- sation testified by the patient while the havior of the hospital and the damage hospital fail to prove that there is no causation between the medical be- suffered by the patient or no basic conditions for such causation deduc- tion. Since the current legislative provisions in our country cannot comprehensively protect the patient＇s right and interests, it is necessary to introduce and establish the alleviated rules on burden of proof so as to improve the efficiency of the proceedings and to render just and reasonable judgments for medical malpractice disputes.