正当防卫的困境与反思

正当防卫制度在司法实务中的法律适用效果不尽如人意,除了制度本身存在的问题外,主要是因刑法理论自身存在缺陷从而难以正确指导正当防卫的刑事司法实践活动,以及司法者自身的能动性和创造性不足。为此,需要以犯罪体系阶层论替代犯罪构成"四要件说",从诠释学角度重新理解司法活动自身的规律性,为正当防卫的法律适用奠定正确的认识论和方法论基础。

Predicament and Individual Reflection on the Justifiable Defense System

The effect of justifiable defense in judicial practice is not ideal.In addition to the shortcomings of the law itself,it also includes the shortcomings of criminal law theory itself,which makes it difficult to guide judicial practice correctly,and initiative and creativity of the judiciary are insufficient.So the theory of"four elements"construction of crime should be replaced by the theory of criminal stratification.Re-understanding the regularity of judicial activities from the perspective of the philosophical hermeneutics,and the correct epistemological and methodological foundation for the legal application of justifiable defense should be established.