论无罪推定视野下公民的容忍义务及其限度

无罪推定的本质是对公民清白身份的一般假定，在此意义上，其既是社会契约订立的基本前提，亦是契约项下的重要内容。无罪推定规则体系所构筑的人权保障网络对权力之运行提出了严格的要求。此时，在社会契约论框架下。由公民负担一定限度的容忍义务是必要与正当的。为避免容忍义务蜕变为超额或不法之容忍状态，必须明晰容忍的底线，而在刑事司法领域，应以无罪推定的规则体系作为容忍义务的底限规则。

The obligation and degree of tolerance for citizens-via the presumption of innocence

The essence of the presumption of innocence is a general assumption of innocent identity of citizens. In this sense, the presumption of innocence is both the basic premise of social ccmpact and the important oontent of the compact. The framework of human-fights-protections which were built on the basis of presumption of innocence requires the running of power strictly. Therefore, that citizens bear a degree of tolerance is necessary on the basis of social compact. In order to avoid tolerance-bearing which is transferred into an unlawful behavior,the bottom line of tolerance must be well defined. While in the field of criminal justice,it is proper to use the principle of presumption of innocence as the bottom fine of tolerance-bearing.