气候变化治理技术方案之中国路径

通过从经济与财政可能性、政治伦理可行性、技术和行政操作可行性三个方面将诸多零散的碳税和碳排放交易的利弊分析进行梳理和系统化,碳排放交易的现实可行性和优势得以显现。同时,通过对欧盟和美国碳排放市场建设历史经验的纵向分析和现状的横向比较,强制性碳排放市场的重要意义和碳排放市场建设渐进主义的优势得以体现。藉此,结合我国排污交易的历史经验与最新的政策法律导向,构建渐进主义原则下碳排放市场发展的法律主线和具体制度方案值得尝试。中国应在循序渐进地扩大碳排放交易主体和范围的基础上,通过不断修正市场激励、交易和辅助机制,逐步完善碳排放市场的内在交易机理并实现与国际气候治理机制的衔接,成为未来气候治理的领导者。

Chinese Approach to Technical Scheme of Governance in Addressing Climate Change

The analysis of pros and cons of carbon tax and carbon emission trading is clarified and systemized by applying an analytical framework from three perspectives respectively: economic and fiscal feasibility,the feasibility of political ethics and technical and administrative operability.The feasibility and advantages of carbon emission trading mechanism are identified.In addition,through the longitudinal analysis of the historical experience of the EU and the U.S.in building carbon emission markets as well as the comparison of the status quo of various mechanisms,it affirms the significance of mandatory carbon emission market mechanism,and reveals the advantage of incrementalism in the construction of carbon emission markets.Combining the experience in emissions trading in China's history with the latest guiding policy and legislation,building under the principle of incrementalism an overarching scheme in developing carbon market as well as a specific institutional plan is worth trying.Specifically,based on the progressive expansion of the subject and scope of carbon emission trading,by constantly revising market incentives,transaction mechanism as well as supporting institutions,China shall gradually improve the intrinsic transaction mechanism of the carbon emission market,and synchronize with the international climate governance mechanism and become the leader of the climate governance in the future.