家庭、国家与儿童福利供给

儿童抚育事务在传统上主要由家庭承担。工业革命之后,西方国家才开始系统关注并发展儿童社会福利,为抚育儿童的父母提供制度化的国家支持,并对父母亲权的实践进行国家监督。尽管不同的儿童社会福利理论对于如何界定家庭与国家在儿童抚育与儿童福利供给过程中的关系模式存有分歧,但是,关注得不到家庭适当抚育的儿童的福利,并为其提供必要的福利服务,已经成为现代国家的共识。鉴于我国传统的以家庭为主的儿童抚育模式出现失灵,积极发展选择性的儿童福利服务具有其充分的合理性。

Family,State and the Provision of Child Welfare

The responsibility of child upbringing is traditionally assumed by families.In response to the social change caused by the Industrial Revolution,Western countries began to develop systematic social welfare to support and monitor family’s upbringing of their children.Although different child welfare theories have different viewpoints in developing what kinds of social welfare for children,people gradually get a consensus that the state should pay enough attention to children who lack adequate care from their family.Given the problem of family dysfunction and more and more children cannot get necessary care from their families in China today,it is rationale to pay first priority to those vulnerable children and to institutionalize social welfare for them.