违法性认识不是故意的要素

要成立犯罪,必须要求行为人具有违法性认识的可能性,但违法性认识不是故意的内容。故意是事实性判断,与作为规范判断的违法性认识并不相同。必须把违法性认识作为与故意不同的责任要素看待,这就要求修正目前通行的犯罪构成理论,对犯罪的成立与否分层次进行判断,在确定(责任)故意存在的前提下,进一步判断违法性认识以及责任是否存在。在违法性认识可能性不存在的场合,故意犯和过失犯都不成立。

Knowledge of Illegality Is not a Element of Intent

If one commits a crime,he must have the Consciousness of Illegality,but the Consciousness of Illegality is the content of the criminal intent.However,this article presents that the criminal intent is the factual judgment,which is different from the Consciousness of Illegality regarded as the norm judgment.The author advances that the Consciousness of Illegality should be taken for the element of liability,which is different from the criminal intent.This requests that we should correct the Theory of the Constitution of Crime,which takes a dominant place at present.At the same time,we should judge whether an act constitutes a crime or not level by level.In the premise of having the criminal intent,we judge whether the Consciousness of Illegality and liability exist or not.When there is no the probability of the Consciousness of Illegality,the act constitutes neither the intentional crime nor the negligent crime.