评析《公司法》第72条——从股东同意权、优先购买权和异议股东购买义务关系的角度

近《公司法》第72条对有限责任公司股权的对外转让做出了规定，设计了股东同意权、优先购买权和异议股东购买义务3项制度，但是这3项制度之间存在功能的重叠。比较其他国家和地区的立法，或对股权对外转让采取自由主义原则，或只规定3项制度的1种或者2种。有必要对《公司法》第72条进行修改，单独规定股东优先购买权是比较好的方案。

Analysis of the Article 72 of Company Law --From the point of the Consent and Preemptive Rights of Shareholders and the Obligation to Buy of the Dissent Shareholders

Article 72 of Company Law provides the external transfer of the limited liability company eq- uity, which involves the consent and preemptive rights of shareholders and the obligation to buy of the dissent shareholders. However, there is functional overlap among these systems. Comparing the legislations of other countries and regions, they may take the principle of liberalism on the external transfer or provide only 1 or 2 of the above 3 systems. It is necessary to modify article 72 of the Company Law and providing exclusively the shareholders preemptive right is a better program.