抗争与妥协:近代城乡关系的发展与乡村革命——以一九二八年的永定暴动为例

随着早期现代化因素由城市向乡村的深入,近代中国城乡关系呈现出两极化的发展态势:一方面城乡之间的联系性加强;另一方面它们的对抗性矛盾加剧。1928年的永定暴动就是在这样的社会背景下发生的。在暴动中,农民要求攻打县城,并错误地提出了杀尽城里人的口号,中共永定县委对此强烈反对;在攻城失败后,县委把农民暴动引向了土地革命和苏维埃政权的斗争,农民因敌我力量悬殊转而被迫向敌人妥协求和,遭到中共党组织的反对,并导致了部分求和代表被暗杀。1928年永定农民暴动反映了近代城乡关系发展和变化,也是中共推动革命发展的生动例证,它体现了中共和农民在革命方式选择上的不一致性及中共农村革命的复杂性。

Struggle and Compromise:Development of Modern Urban-rural Relations and Rural Revolution:A Case Study of the Yongding Uprising in 1928

With the early factors of modernization extending deep into the countryside from the cities the urban-rural relations in modern China showed a trend of polarization:on the one hand the links between urban and rural areas were strengthened and on the other the antagonistic contradictions between them were intensified.The Yongding Uprising in 1928 broke out against such a social background.During the uprising,the peasants demanded to attack the county seat and chanted the slogan kill all the people in town,wh...