政治身份认同与缅甸果敢同盟军的瓦解

生存达二十年之久的缅甸非政府武装组织果敢同盟军于2009年8月被缅甸中央政府解除武装而宣告瓦解。本文通过对果敢同盟军、佤邦联合军和掸邦东同盟军这三个背景相似的缅甸非政府武装组织的比较研究,提出导致果敢同盟军瓦解的内部深层次的支撑性原因是该组织政治身份认同的缺失的观点。通过这一案例,本文试图提出政治身份认同是非政府武装组织在主权国家内生存的必要条件这一一般性假说。

Political Identity and the Collapse of the Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army

In August of 2009,the non-government military group,the Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army(MNDAA)was disarmed by the Myanmar central government,which means its dissolution.This article compares three similarly situated non-government armed groups in Myanmar:the Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army,the United Wa State Army,and the Eastern Shan State Army.Based on this comparison,it argues that one of the underlying factors which led to the collapse of the Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army was its lack of a sense of political identity.On the basis of this case,the article proposes the general assumption that political identity is a necessary condition for a non-government armed force to survive within a sovereign state.