民事上诉审程序中亟待完善的问题之思考

在修改《民事诉讼法》时,建立附带上诉制度很有必要,特别是对提起附带上诉的要件应作出合理的规定。上诉审程序中的撤回起诉制度应得到立法上的明确认可,其条件和法律后果也应合理予以界定。“原判决认定事实错误或者认定事实不清、证据不足”这一发回重审的事由应予废除,以违反法定程序为由发回重审的情形则应予以严格限制。基于裁定与判决的性质不同,应当构建不同于判决之上诉审程序的相对独立的裁定之上诉审程序。

Reflections on Improvements of Appellate Civil Procedures

It＇ s extremely necessary to establish a collateral appellate institution for the amendment of the Civil Procedural Law, especially to provide reasonable requirements for the elements of filing a collateral ap- peal. The procedure of filing withdrawal in appellate process shall be explicitly recognized by legislation, and its conditions and legal consequences shall be reasonably defined as well. The grounds on remand, such as ＂the mistake or ambiguity of facts ascertaining and lack of evidence in the original judgment＂, shall be repealed, and meanwhile the remand on the ground of violation of statutory procedures shall be strictly limited. Based on the differences in nature between order and judgment, a relatively independent appellate procedure against an order shall be established, which is different from that against a judgment.