地方政府债务的效应及形成机制新探

地方政府债务是在我国社会主义市场经济体制改革进程中,伴随着计划经济体制向市场经济体制的转轨和政府职能的转换而产生的一种社会经济现象。地方政府债务包括地方政府从商业银行获得的贷款、中央政府将国债部分收入转贷给地方政府和地方政府为企业担保等形成的隐性债务等。地方政府债务的迅速膨胀已对社会经济发展产生了诸多负面影响。这种债务的形成和扩张既有显性的正式预算制度的制约,也有非正式预算制度、地方政府间财政竞争和地方政府债务动态发展机制等因素的拉动。

A New Probe into the Effect and the formation Mechanism of the Local Governmental Debts

As a social and economic phenomenon, local governmental debts came into being in the process of our socialist marketing economy reform when the planned economy is being transformed into the marketing economy and the functions of governments are being switched. Local governments from debts consist of the loans to local governments from commercial banks, part of the incomes of National debts loaned to local governments from the central government and the hidden debts derived from local governments' guarantees for businesses. Side effects on the economic and social development have already been induced by the rapid expansion of local governmental debts. The formation and expansion of local governmental debts can not only be accounted for by the visible factor like the formal budget system, but also by the factors such as the informal budget system, the financial competition among local governments and the dynamically evolving mechanism of local governmental debts. Hence, attaching enough importance to the informal budget system and the switch of the local governmental functions is one of the starting points for solving the problem of local governmental debts.