事实与规范视野下的我国腐败犯罪违法所得没收程序

2012年的《刑事诉讼法》中正式确立了违法所得没收程序,该特别程序的确立对于惩治腐败犯罪具有重大意义。基于当下中国反腐败的现实考量,在司法适用中,应当明确腐败犯罪中违法所得没收程序仅限于刑法典第八章贪污贿赂罪及其他章中明确规定依照第八章相关条文定罪处罚的重大犯罪案件;证明标准应当适当放松,建议实行举证责任倒置;积极参照《联合国反腐败公约》以及相关国家的立法,运用违法所得程序有效追回转移到境外的涉腐资产。

Confiscation Program of Illegal Incomes of Corruption in Perspective of Facts and Norms

China Code of Criminal Procedure made in 2012 has established the illegal income confiscated proce- dures, which is of great significance to the crime of corruption. Based on practical considerations of contemporary Chinese anti -corruption in the judicial application, it should be clear that confiscation program is limited to the Penal Code Chapter VIII of corruption, bribery and other crimes as expressly provided in accordance with Chapter VIII of the relevant provisions of Chapter convicted and punished for major criminal cases ; proof standards should be relaxed, the proposed implementation of “burden of proof” ; referring to the legislation of “the United Nations Convention against Corruption” and the laws of the relevant countries, we should make full use of the program to re- cover the illegal proceeds transferred to the offshore assets involved in corruption.