行政诉讼法修订基本问题之思考

《行政诉讼法(修订草案)》公布后,各界讨论热烈,意见纷呈,其中不乏尖锐的批判,而要达成共识,需要对修法宗旨、立法目标、诉讼类型和构造等基本问题重新予以检讨。破解"立案难、审理难、执行难"是修法的重要任务,但如何破解,则需要从制度设计上找到造成实践困境的原因并加以改进,修法还要根据时代需求提升行政诉讼制度的品质。目前法律文本中主观诉讼与客观诉讼不分,诉讼结构错乱的状况在很大程度上制约了行政诉讼制度的发展。就立法目标而言,应在完善权利救济的基础上,扩展秩序保障的功能。为实现这一目标,需要建立以主观诉讼为主、兼顾客观诉讼的诉讼模式,并通过诉讼构造的改革完善予以支持。

Reflection of Basic Questions in Administrative Procedure Law Amendment

After publication of the Administrative Procedure Law( Revised Draft),all circles of the society have a heated discussion,presenting all kinds of opinions,including many sharp criticisms. In order to reach an agreement,there is a need to review the basic questions of amendment purposes, legislation goals, litigation type and construction and so on. Overcoming the difficulties to file and try a case and execute is an important task to amend the law. But how to overcome the difficulties,we need to find the reasons causing the difficulties from the system design and improve correspondingly. We also need to improve the quality of administrative procedure based on times requirements. Now there is no difference between subjective litigation and objective litigation. To a great extent,this litigation structure confusion hinders the development of administrative procedure. As for legislation goals,on the basis of right relief improvement,expand the function of order guarantee. In order to achieve this goal, we need to establish a litigation mode which is dominated by subjective litigation and assisted by objective litigation,supported by litigation structure reform.