地方财政条件约束下的民事司法偏好——以清代州县为中心

传统国家的地方财政状况无法保证日益增长的商业社会控制的需要和公共产品的供给.由于受制于政治体制、考绩考成制度、地方财政供给严重不足等各种制约因素,清代州县官员在民商事案件的司法中往往采取的是一种消极和被动应付的态度.各种客观政治和财政条件的约束,理应成为我们研究传统司法的重要角度,而不应仅从国家意识形态宣传等官方表述去研究,方能更全面、客观地认识传统司法的真相.

The Civil Judiciary Preference under the Local Fiscal Constraints in Qing Dynasty

The local financial situation of traditional state cannot guarantee the growing need of commercial social control and the supply of public products. Due to the political system, the performance appraisal system for officials, and the shortage of local financial supply, the officials in counties and states always take a negative and passive attitude in the civil and commercial cases in the Qing Dynasty. Therefore, besides the official statement such as the state national ideology propaganda, the objective political and fiscal constraints should become an important point of our research in ancient Chinese traditional justice, in order to have a more comprehensive, objective understanding of the truth of traditional judicial.